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Applications & Advantages of PLC and MICROCONTROLLER:

A microcontroller design would be appropriate where end user need not alter the controls, rather only selecting controls(like timer).

Example: .A washing machine where user only selects different controls and need not alter the controls. Similarly in home automation also where there is no need of  altering the controls.

Also in mass production where development cost (design of power supplies, input/output hardware and necessary testing and certification) can be spread over many sales, and where the end-user would not need to alter the control.

Example: Automotive applications are an example; millions of units are built each year, and very few end-users alter the programming of these controllers.

PLC applications are highly customized systems so the cost of a packaged PLC is low compared to the cost of a specific custom-built controller design.

PLCs contain input and output devices compatible with industrial devices and controls; little electrical design is required, and the design problem centers on expressing the desired sequence of operations.

Very complex process control may high-performance PLCs.

Example: Programmable controllers are widely used in motion control, positioning control and torque control,chemical industries

Very high-speed or precision controls may also require customized solutions;

For example, aircraft flight controls.